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Imprimer cette page
Il existe deux techniques de comblement de sinus en fonction du volume osseux à régénérer : le comblement de sinus par voie crestale ou le comblement de sinus par voie latérale.
Pourquoi réaliser un comblement de sinus ?
• Suites aux extractions dentaires les sinus ont tendance à grandir naturellement.
• Le volume osseux disponible au niveau des molaires supérieures est souvent insuffisant pour pouvoir poser un implant.
• Il est donc nécessaire de réaliser un déplacement de ce sinus.
• Ce comblement osseux est réalisé avant ou en même temps que la pose des implants.
Le comblement de sinus par voie crestale
• L’intervention est réalisée sous anesthésie locale.
• Un forage est réalisé jusqu’au plancher du sinus au niveau crestal : là où l’implant doit être posé permettant ensuite la pose de l’implant.
• A l’aide d’un instrument rond et métallique (un ostéotome) ce plancher va être soulevé.
• Un matériau de comblement est inséré pour repousser le sinus.
• L’implant est posé dans la même séance ou 4 à 6 mois après la chirurgie.
Cette technique de comblement de sinus par voie crestale est indiquée quand la quantité d’os à régénérer autour de l’implant est peu importante.
Quels sont les risques de ces techniques chirurgicales ?
La perforation de la membrane sinusienne
• Pendant l’intervention une perforation de la membrane sinusienne peut survenir.
• Si elle est peu importante, le chirurgien-dentiste pourra la réparer.
• Si elle est trop importante l’intervention doit être stoppée et le site refermé.
• Cet échec est relatif puisque 3 à 4 mois plus tard l’intervention pourra de nouveau être réalisée.
L’infection
• Dans très peu de cas (moins de 5 %) une infection peut survenir, c’est pour cette raison que l’intervention est réalisée sous couverture antibiotique.
• En cas d’infection, le chirurgien-dentiste peut réintervenir pour nettoyer le site chirurgical. Cela peut compromettre le volume d’os régénéré et une seconde greffe peut être nécessaire.
• Chez le fumeur les risques d’échec et de complication augmentent et passent à 10 %. Il est conseillé d’arrêter définitivement avant ce type de traitement et d’en parler avec son chirurgien-dentiste.
NOS
CONSEILS |
- Lorsque l’épaisseur de l’os est insuffisante, un comblement de sinus doit être effectué avant de procéder à l’implantation.
- Deux techniques permettent l’augmentation du volume osseux : le comblement de sinus par voie crestale ou le comblement de sinus par voie latérale.
- Le comblement de sinus ou sinus lift permet une meilleure fixation de la racine de l’implant.
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